Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD (Orthodontics)
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5786
2024-03-28T08:23:08ZAssessment of Dental Arch Relationships in a sample of patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in the Western Cape, South Africa
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/10610
Assessment of Dental Arch Relationships in a sample of patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in the Western Cape, South Africa
Galane, Mpatikana Leslie
Unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is a specific form of orofacial cleft (OFC) that accounts for 23% of those born with clefts. In the Eastern Cape, Free State and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa (SA), the prevalence of OFCs is 0.1, 0.1, and 1.2 per 1000, respectively. UCLP is more common in males compared to females, with 2:1 gender distribution. In addition, UCLP has a strong predilection for the left side of the maxilla as compared to the right side. Individuals born with UCLP typically require several surgeries and/or other intricate procedures to rectify this anomaly. Individuals diagnosed with UCLP frequently exhibit a range of functional and aesthetic defects, in addition to the particular deformities associated with the condition. Complications related to UCLP include hypoplastic maxilla and a high incidence of Class III malocclusion. Children who are born with UCLP requires a complex management that starts with specialist nursing care, surgical repair on both the lip (which is generally done at three months of age) and the palate (at any time between six to 14 months of age). Several studies have verified that if the initial surgery is performed unskillfully, it can have a detrimental impact on the growth of the face, development of the dentition, and speech. Establishing a dependable approach for evaluating dental arch relationships is crucial in order to evaluate and contrast the outcomes of early management of UCLP in children.
Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (MChD)
2024-01-01T00:00:00ZAnalysis of dental anomalies in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at academic hospitals in the western cape, South Africa
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/10489
Analysis of dental anomalies in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at academic hospitals in the western cape, South Africa
Gomba, Vuyisile Solomon
The aim of this study is to determine the type and frequency of dental anomalies associated with patients with non-syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate receiving treatment at Academic hospitals (UWC Oral Health Centre and Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital) in the Western Cape. To determine whether there is a relationship between gender and dental anomalies associated with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
A retrospective cross-sectional study assessing the hospital records of patients diagnosed with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Panoramic radiographs of 93 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) aged 8 to 14 years were evaluated. Missing and supernumerary teeth were also quantified on the cleft and noncleft side and in the maxilla and mandible. Ectopic teeth, peg shaped laterals, and Crown and root malformations were quantified. Statistical analysis first comprised description of the frequency and types of dental anomalies. Chi-square analysis was used for comparisons of dental anomalies, in addition to specific dental anomalies in relation to gender.
There were no substantial differences in distribution by gender, of the 93 patients with UCLP, 47 (50.54%) were males and 46 (49.46%) were females. Regarding distribution by cleft side, the left side was more frequently affected (69.9%) in both male and female patients, compared with 30.1% found on the right side. The most affected tooth was the cleft lateral, which was missing in 35.48% of the participants, while the non-cleft lateral was absent in only 3.23% and bilateral laterals were missing in 10.75%. Supernumerary teeth were found in 7.53% of the participating individuals and the most affected tooth was the cleft lateral.
Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (MChD)
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZA clinical, study of the protective effects of the application of fissure sealant prior to the direct bonding of orthodontic brackets
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/9771
A clinical, study of the protective effects of the application of fissure sealant prior to the direct bonding of orthodontic brackets
Sundrum, Dayalan
Orthodontic treatment sometimes has the unfortunate sequela of white spots forming around the margins of the brackets. These white spots or demineralized areas are of concern to the orthodontist ds they may present an aesthetic problem which might require costly
restorative work later. AIso at debonding the orthodontist is often faced with the time consuming and arduous task of removing residual composite from the tooth surface. The purpose of this study was to establish whether a fissure sealant used with or without a fluoride
containing mouth rinse would prevent white spot formation around orthodontic brackets and whether, coincidently, the use of the fissure sealant moved the fracture site closer to the enamel/resin interface, thereby leaving a clean enamel surface at debonding, saving the orthodontist chairside time. One hundred patients undergoing orthodontic treatment at the Dental Faculty of University of the Western Cape were chosen for this study. The patients were given basic oral hygiene instruction, scaling and polishing and instructed to brush with a fluoride containing dentifrice. The mouth of each patient was divided into four quadrants, with fissure sealant (pelton clear unfilled resin) being applied to two alternate quadrants. The sample was divided into two groups, one of which rinsed with a fluoride containing mouthrinse. There was a significant difference in white spot formation when comparing fissure sealed and non-fissure sealed surfaces. Of the group which rinsed with fluoride mouthrinse, 86t had no white spots or demineralization. Also, the results of this study have shown unequivocally that the prior use of fissure sealant moved the fracture site closer to the enamel/resin interface, thereby leaving Iittle or no
residual composite on the enamel surface at debanding.
Magister Chirurgiae Dentium (MChD)
1990-01-01T00:00:00ZDigitized and computerized recordkeeping in dentistry (Orthodontics) : A Technologically Advanced Alternative to the Analysis and Storage of Study Models
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/9127
Digitized and computerized recordkeeping in dentistry (Orthodontics) : A Technologically Advanced Alternative to the Analysis and Storage of Study Models
Kleinloog, A.D.
The research is aimed at investigating and finding alternatives to the physical necessity of producing and storing plaster casts or stone models of the tissues of the mouth. The quest for time and space is universal and the successful management of both results in stress free, financially stable and uncluttered work circumstances. Study models do playa very important role in diagnostics and treatment planning as well as communicating final results in Dentistry, especially in Orthodontic practice. Conventional study models are bulky, fragile, and
expensive diagnostic tools produced from impressions taken of the patient's mouth and cast in plaster or stone. The storage of these records
creates major space problems, and recalling or retrieving models at some later stage also causes logistical problems. Ideally, the tissues of the mouth could be scanned and from this a 3-D image produced on screen, which could later be milled (machining process of reproducing, explained in Appendix B) if necessary. Three dimensionally accurate, visually pleasing, reproducible, measurable and retrievable records, would be the solution. Computerizing dental records has already revolutionized the industry in the fields of Radiology and written patient data. This information is available at the click of a mouse, and integrated diagnostic tools can be displayed on screen. A thorough investigation of all methods of capturing dental data and 3D images from previously researched and publicized studies was conducted
before attempting the latest technology. The final project involved: 1. requesting an introductory and explanatory demonstration on the
scanning possibilities in South Africa 2. organizing and attending a demonstration of the laser and contact scanner on study models and impressions. 3. undergoing training in the use of a contact scanner. Computerizing of these results and comparing data derived from analyzing both study models and impressions, manually and digitally. 4. researching and collecting of data with engineering professionals, to
establish the validity and viability of this method ( aiming to use uncomplicated, widely accepted and thoroughly applicable basic criteria in all experiments.) 5. evaluation of data statistically by a statistician. Discussion: Digitizing and computerizing of images derived from scanning the models or impressions offers the most attractive alternative for record keeping. Laser scanning disappointed in general due to the relative unavailability in South Africa, the expensive nature of the service elsewhere and limiting factors due to the sensitivity of the laser beam. It is the most promising alternative in future research, because of improved accuracy, higher speed of scanning, uniformity and reproducibility.
Contact scanning proved to be available, reliable and adjustable. In most applications, the best results in terms of accuracy and quality of surface finish are obtained using contact scanning. The disadvantage of this method is the time factor and therefore it becomes expensive and economically not viable. The direct scanning of impressions, albeit with laser or contact scanning, remains a scientific and clinical viable option. Conclusion: Digital imaging is still a young technology and many aspects are not yet completely explored. It is a promising technology and its significance is increasing because it opens the door to diagnostic information. Another important development is that the software for digital imaging will become more integrated with other computerized dental applications in the dental office, enabling patient data between different and remote practices to be exchanged more easily. Further progress is not limited by a lack of available image processing
tools but rather by our restricted understanding of the various components of diagnostic imaging in dentistry. A Bioengineering exhibition mounted by the University of Munich during a December 2000 conference, displayed a specially adapted CT Scanner that could scan information directly from the mouth. This leads to more possibilities of deriving images without impressions or study casts.
Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)
2002-01-01T00:00:00Z