Review of outcomes for isoniazid preventive therapy among HIV infected clients at a clinic in Swaziland

Abstract

Background: TB is one of the most common opportunistic infections in the HIV infected population. In 2014, of the 9.6 million people estimated to have TB globally, 1.2 million were also infected with HIV. In the same year WHO reported 400 000 TB deaths in HIV infected people worldwide. TB Prevention strategies include ensuring HIV infected people take ART, TB infection control, treatment of TB cases and pharmacological prevention of primary TB infection or progression of latent TB into active TB. Isoniazid preventive therapy for a minimum of six months has been recommended to reduce the risk of TB in people living with HIV.

Aim: The study’s aim was to determine the programmatic outcomes of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and factors associated with treatment completion among people living with HIV aged 15 years and above at the AIDS Healthcare Foundation LaMvelase clinic in Manzini Swaziland, who were enrolled for IPT during the period March to December 2014.

Methodology: This was a quantitative retrospective analytical cohort study that reviewed 3642 patient care records. IBM SPSS 20 was used for descriptive and statistical analysis of the data. Descriptive statistics were calculated and reported as frequencies and percentages. Bivariate statistics were carried out to test independent associations between socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and IPT completion. Further multiple logistic regression analysis was done to determine the nature of association between the dependent and independent variables which had p < 0.1.