Understanding mangrove dynamics in range edge populations in South Africa

Abstract

Mangrove distribution along the East African region occurs from Somalia to South Africa, including Madagascar and other islands. It comprises approximately 10 species, including Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. that are core mangrove species and common in the region. Within the Indo-West Pacific (IWP) Province, studies have determined the genetic variation of mangrove species, but only a limited number of studies have included B. gymnorrhiza and R. mucronata populations occurring in the East African region, while none have included those occurring in South Africa. Genetic variation and environmental conditions affect plant performance and the longevity of mangrove populations.